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中新网评：美国众议长选举“连续剧”暴露美式民主痼疾******

　　中新网北京1月9日电(蒋鲤)在15轮投票表决后，美国众议院议长选举这场“连续剧”终于落下帷幕，众议院共和党领袖凯文·麦卡锡最终成功当选第55任美国众议院议长。这是美国国会过去164年来耗时最久的一次议长选举记录，将美国“对抗式民主”的弊端暴露无遗。

　　资料图：美国众议院共和党领袖麦卡锡。中新社记者 沙晗汀摄

　　由于两党对立加剧、党派内斗、利益分配不均等因素，众议长选举陷入一场拉锯战。在此次众议长竞选中，美国民主党议员继续抱团，多轮投票中，一票不投麦卡锡，共和党右翼“强硬派”领头的约20人小团体也拒绝投票麦卡锡。

　　麦卡锡的当选之路一波三折，除了本人的“政治投机派”角色在国会不受欢迎外，与共和党内部政治分歧关系密切。

　　一方面，共和党党内反对者认为，麦卡锡对民主党态度过于软弱，无力对抗民主党控制的参议院和拜登政府，另一方面，因为共和党的多数优势微弱，党内一些影响力较小的派系的政治力量则被放大，有利于他们巩固自己的选票。

　　此外，党内反对者也认为，自己的选票没有换取更多利益，希望以此作为筹码换取麦卡锡更大的让步，比如让他们获得众议院重要委员会中的职务。

　　作为仅次于美国总统、副总统的政坛三号人物，众议院议长通常由众议院多数党领袖担任，选举几乎没有悬念。然而，麦卡锡此次为当选，不得不做出多个关键让步，其中可能包括恢复一项罢黜议长动议机制，使得众议长的权力被削弱，难以掌控众议院。

　　美国有线电视新闻网CNN称，麦卡锡在这场不合时宜的政治勒索中作出让步，这种绥靖政策只会让极端主义势力更加强大。

　　这场引发全世界围观的尴尬选举暴露出美国政治存在严重的对立和分化。在权力博弈思维的裹挟下，党派利益凌驾于国家和人民利益之上，美国两党相互拆台，陷入“为反对而反对”的无脑对垒。而即便是一党内，也会因为利益分配问题产生不同的小派系，相互对抗，选票变成了谋利益的工具。

　　从国会山骚乱到打破记历史记录的15轮众议长选举，“对抗式民主”让美国政治陷入瓶颈，长期对抗势必会让政客们丧失客观公正的判断能力，其政治阶层是否有能力治理国家也会引发质疑。

　　两党之争和党派内斗进一步放大了美国政治体制弊病，美国所谓的“民主”形象，让全世界大跌眼镜。鼓吹以选民利益为先的美式选举，变成了政客们利益置换的游戏，进一步彰显出美国“民主政治”日渐失能，不断极化的党争已使美国政治制度陷入死循环。

　　House speaker election reveals deep-rooted problems in U.S. democracy

　　(ECNS) -- The Republican leader Kevin McCarthy was elected as the 55th speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives after 15 ballots. As the most grueling House speaker election in the past 164 years, the election has highlighted the defects of the country’s "confrontational democracy".

　　The election once reached a stalemate due to intense partisan strife, inner-party struggle among the Republicans, uneven distribution of interests, and more. Democratic Party members forged a close alliance, refusing to vote for McCarthy, while about 20 Republicans also declined to cast ballots for the GOP leader.

　　Except for his unpopular role as a "political speculator" in Congress, McCarthy’s hard-won election can be attributed to turmoil within the Republican Party.

　　On the one hand, opponents in the Republican Party believe that the GOP leader's attitude toward the Democrats is too weak to confront the Senate controlled by Democrats and the Biden administration.

　　On the other hand, the political power of some less influential factions in the Republican Party has been amplified due to the Party’s weak majority advantage in the House of Representatives, which is conducive to consolidating their ticket warehouses.

　　Meanwhile, these opponents believe that their votes failed to win them more benefits, hoping to use this as a bargaining chip for McCarthy's further concessions, such as getting them positions in important House Committees.

　　As the third political figure after the President and Vice President of the U.S., the speaker, by tradition, is the head of the majority party in the House of Representatives.

　　But McCarthy has made many concessions in order to bring the ultra conservatives along, involving what’s known as the “motion to vacate,” a mechanism by which members can force a vote to depose the speaker. The reported concessions will empower individual members at the expense of McCarthy’s sway as speaker.

　　CNN thought the concessions he made during this unseemly political shakedown would only make the extremist faction more powerful.

　　This embarrassing election, which has drawn global attention, exposed the serious opposition and polarization in American politics. Both Democrats and Republicans put their interests before that of the country and its people, attacking and opposing each other irrationally.

　　Besides, different factions arise within a single party and confront each other because of the distribution of interests. Votes have become a tool to win more benefits.

　　From Capitol riots to the House Speaker election with record-breaking ballots, "confrontational democracy" has become a bottleneck of American politics. Long-term confrontation will surely impede politicians to think objectively and fairly while their capacity of governing the country will also raise doubts among the public.

　　Both parties’ struggle and infighting among the Republicans have further amplified the defects of the American political system, with its "democratic" image shocking the world.

　　The U.S.-style election, which advocates putting voters' interests first, has become a game of interest exchange among politicians. In addition, it further demonstrates the malfunction of American "democratic politics" and the constantly polarized party struggle that has trapped the American political system into an infinite cycle.

聚焦绿色数字新经济 两岸企业家共拓产业合作“新蓝海”******

　　(台海观澜)聚焦绿色数字新经济 两岸企业家共拓产业合作“新蓝海”

　　中新社厦门12月21日电 (记者 闫旭)“数字科技应用无所不在，成为推动经济发展的新引擎，台企在大陆内需市场大有可为。”参加2022两岸企业家峰会年会的台湾大学科技政策暨产业发展研究中心执行长詹文男如是说。

　　在20日于厦门举行的2022两岸企业家峰会年会上，开拓大陆内需市场、共拓数字经济“新蓝海”、探索两岸产业融合新模式等议题，成为两岸工商界人士关注的焦点。

　　詹文男认为，以数字经济为代表的新一轮科技革命和产业变革，带来了生产力的提升和产业的创新发展、转型契机；数字科技应用渗透到城市治理、公共交通、医疗、智能制造、家庭生活等方方面面，台企可积极布局云计算、物联网、元宇宙、集成电路、健康医疗等产业。

　　是次年会以“建构产业合作新模式，打造绿色数字新经济”为主题，推动两岸企业在制造业高端化智能化绿色化、数字经济、低碳产业等领域的合资合作。多位两岸企业家接受中新社记者采访时表示，两岸经济融合密不可分，广大台商应更积极主动融入大陆新发展格局，拥抱内需市场，分享发展红利。

　　厦门东亚机械工业股份有限公司作为一家扎根厦门30年的台资企业，一直探索数字化转型。“搞好数字化研发、生产和管理，这是一条光明大道。”该公司董事长韩莹焕称，通过数字技术对传统生产线进行智能升级后，生产效率显著提升，自动化和信息化水平大大提高。

　　两岸企业家峰会台湾方面理事长刘兆玄说，提升数字科技可有效促进产业绿色低碳转型，推动低碳化可大幅释放数字技术的发展潜能，加速产业的数字化应用创新和转型进程。两岸应携手合作，共同挖掘这两个极具长期发展潜力的新产业商机。

　　台湾中原大学国际贸易与经营学系荣誉教授、工商协进会顾问林圣忠表示，大陆新能源汽车、新能源电池走在世界前列，台湾半导体产业在全球占有重要地位。“两岸互补性强，可共同打造芯片产业链。”

　　林圣忠建议，两岸产业界更多聚焦绿色减碳、生物科技等行业领域，构建符合新时代要求的两岸产业合作新业态和新模式，增强两岸产业链供应链的韧性，着力提升两岸产业融合的层次。

　　“一带一路”绿色发展国际研究院执行院长张建宇亦建议，两岸企业家携手掘金绿色基建、绿色能源、绿色交通、绿色金融等重点领域，共同构建绿色低碳循环产业链，推动两岸绿色低碳产业又快又好发展。

　　不少与会台商认为，在2050年前将工业化以来的全球变暖幅度控制在1.5℃以内的净零转型，需要企业投入一定的成本，这既是挑战也充满机遇；未来，两岸企业可以携手合作向绿色低碳、数字赋能转型升级，寻觅新的商机。

　　在日前举行的中央经济工作会议上，大陆明确将大力发展数字经济、新能源、人工智能、生物制造等重点产业。两岸企业家峰会大陆方面秘书长林军表示，希望双方产业小组聚焦数字化转型、智能制造、节能减碳等领域的产业链合作，从单个企业、单个项目、一个地区或一个城市开始，逐步扩大合作领域，争取获得务实成果。(完)

　　（文图：赵筱尘 巫邓炎）